Ni bangahe uzi kubijyanye nimirire yimbere

Hariho ubwoko bwibiryo, bifata ibiryo bisanzwe nkibikoresho fatizo kandi bitandukanye nuburyo bwibiryo bisanzwe. Ibaho muburyo bwa poro, amazi, nibindi bisa nifu y amata nifu ya protein, irashobora kugaburirwa mumunwa cyangwa izuru kandi irashobora kugogorwa byoroshye cyangwa kwinjizwa nta gusya. Yitwa "amata y'ibiryo agamije ubuvuzi bwihariye", ni ukuvuga ko ubu dukoresha imirire myinshi mu mavuriro.
1. Imirire yo mu nda ni iki?
Imirire yo mu nda (EN) nuburyo bwo gushyigikira imirire butanga intungamubiri zitandukanye kumubiri binyuze mu nzira ya gastrointestinal kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo bya physiologique na patologique byumubiri. Ibyiza byayo nuko intungamubiri zinjizwa mu buryo butaziguye kandi zigakoreshwa binyuze mu mara, zikaba ari physiologique nyinshi, zorohereza ubuyobozi, kandi zihenze. Nibyiza kandi kugumana ubusugire bwimitsi yo munda n'imikorere ya barrière.
2. Ni ibihe bintu bisaba imirire yimbere?
Abarwayi bose bafite ibimenyetso byerekana infashanyo yimirire nibikorwa byogukora gastrointestinal barashobora kubona infashanyo yintungamubiri, harimo dysphagia na mastication; Kudashobora kurya kubera guhungabanya ubwenge cyangwa koma; Igihe gihamye cyindwara zifata igifu, nka fistula gastrointestinal, syndrome de mara, indwara zifata amara na pancreatite; Imiterere ya Hypercatabolic, nk'abarwayi bafite ubwandu bukabije, kubagwa, guhahamuka no gutwikwa cyane. Hariho n'indwara zidakira zidakira, nk'igituntu, ikibyimba, n'ibindi; Inkunga yintungamubiri mbere na nyuma yibikorwa; Kuvura imiti ya chimiotherapie na radiotherapi; Inkunga yimirire yo gutwika no guhahamuka; Kunanirwa kw'umwijima n'impyiko; Indwara z'umutima n'imitsi; Ubusembwa bwa metabolism ya aside amine; Inyongera cyangwa inzibacyuho yimirire yababyeyi.
3. Ni ibihe byiciro byimirire yimbere?
Mu mahugurwa ya mbere ashingiye ku byiciro by’imyiteguro y’imirire y’imbere, Ishami rya Beijing ry’ishyirahamwe ry’abaganga ry’Abashinwa ryatanze icyifuzo cyo gushyira mu gaciro imyiteguro y’imirire y’imbere, maze isaba kugabanya imyiteguro y’imirire y’imbere mu bwoko butatu, aribwo bwoko bwa aside aside amine, ubwoko bwa poroteyine zose hamwe n’ibigize. Matrix aside Amino ni monomer, harimo aside amine cyangwa peptide ngufi, glucose, ibinure, imyunyu ngugu na vitamine. Irakwiriye abarwayi bafite ikibazo cyo gusya gastrointestinal igogora no gukora, ariko ifite uburyohe bubi kandi ikwiriye kugaburira amazuru. Ubwoko bwa poroteyine zose zikoresha poroteyine zose cyangwa poroteyine yubusa nkisoko ya azote. Irakwiriye abarwayi bafite imikorere isanzwe cyangwa hafi yimikorere ya gastrointestinal. Ifite uburyohe, kandi irashobora gufatwa kumunwa cyangwa gutangwa mumazuru. Ubwoko bwibigize birimo aside amine, igice cya peptide ngufi, ibice byose bya poroteyine, ibice bya karubone, ibice birebire byitwa triglyceride (LCT), ibice birebire bigizwe na triglyceride (MCT), ibice bya vitamine, nibindi, bikoreshwa cyane cyane nk'inyongera cyangwa ibishimangira imirire yuzuye.
4. Ni gute abarwayi bahitamo imirire yimbere?
Abarwayi ba Nephrotique bongereye proteine kandi bakunda guhura na azote, bisaba proteine nkeya na aside amine imyiteguro ikungahaye. Gutegura imirire yimbere yubwoko bwindwara zimpyiko bikungahaye kuri acide ya amine yingenzi, ikungahaye kuri proteyine nkeya, sodium na potasiyumu, bishobora kugabanya neza umutwaro ku mpyiko.
Metabolism ya aromatic amino acide, tryptophan, methionine, nibindi mubarwayi bafite imikorere yumwijima yangiritse irahagarikwa, acide amashami aminide acide iragabanuka, kandi acide aromatic amino acide iriyongera. Nyamara, urunigi rwamashami aminide acide ihindurwamo imitsi, itongera umutwaro ku mwijima, kandi irashobora guhangana na acide aromatic amino acide kugirango yinjire mu bwonko bwamaraso, itezimbere indwara zumwijima nubwonko. Kubwibyo, amashami ya aminide acide irashobora kurenza 35% ~ 40% ya acide amine yose yintungamubiri zindwara zumwijima.
Nyuma yo gutwikwa cyane, ubushyuhe bwumubiri wumurwayi burazamuka, imisemburo nibintu bitera umuriro birekurwa ku bwinshi, kandi umubiri ukaba uri muri metabolism nyinshi. Usibye igikomere, amara nimwe mu ngingo zingenzi zifite metabolism endogenous high. Kubwibyo, gutwika imirire bigomba kuba birimo poroteyine nyinshi, imbaraga nyinshi hamwe n’ibinure byoroshye byoroshye hamwe n’amazi make.
Imyiteguro yimirire yimbere kubarwayi barwaye ibihaha igomba kuba ifite ibinure byinshi, ibirimo karubone nkeya, hamwe na proteyine gusa kugirango ibungabunge ingirabuzimafatizo hamwe na anabolisme, kugirango imikorere yubuhumekero irusheho kuba myiza.
Bitewe n'ingaruka za chimiotherapie, imirire n'imikorere y'umubiri w'abarwayi bafite ibibyimba bibi ni bibi, kandi ibibyimba bikoresha amavuta make. Kubwibyo, imyiteguro yintungamubiri irimo ibinure byinshi, proteyine nyinshi, ingufu nyinshi hamwe na karubone nkeya, hagomba kongerwamo glutamine, arginine, MTC nizindi ntungamubiri z'umubiri.
Carbohydrates mu myiteguro yintungamubiri ku barwayi ba diyabete igomba kuba oligosaccharide cyangwa polysaccharide, wongeyeho fibre ihagije y'ibiryo, ifasha kugabanya umuvuduko n'ubwiyongere bw'isukari mu maraso.